One of the most magnificent sights is that as the sun moves the lakes change color, which is one of the most amazing things to experience. Funds are paid by Greater Good Charities to benefiting organizations as a grant. Several thousand of years ago when Sahara was green, an impressive aquatic ecosystem existed here. They were moved in the 1980s to a new location outside the sand dunes, in the Wadi Bashir, south of the erg, a settlement of concrete apartments built specifically for the resettlement of this tribe. The Ubari Sand Sea is one of those magnificent wonders that is definitely worth visiting when youre in Libya. These rivers even powered enormous lake with the dimensions of the whole Czech Republic. also suggest that the impressive sand dunes of reconstruction, with a special focus on aeolian and fluvial processes, "In the past, the water station that provided drinking water to Ubari Hospital and the doctors' apartments was in danger of stopping at any moment," said Engineer Idris Al-Sheikh. earned the local inhabitants the name of 'worm The current Ubari Lakes are a group of about 20 lakes, set amidst the landscape of towering dunes and palm fringed oases of the Ubari Sand Sea. CIA Informant Revealed Hitler Survived WWII And Fled To South America Conspiracy Or Truth? Playa of Germa which represent the lakes just before Some visitors will take a swim in the waters which are believed to have healing properties and promote healthy skin. Palm trees form a green ring around the lake. Why Ubari Sand Sea will never be dried-up? But they couldn't rely on the lake itself for drinking water, the most precious desert treasure.. What Changed The Green Sahara Into A Desert? It's easy to spend an afternoon at the Ubari Sea enjoying the views, the beauty and the surroundings, exploring, swimming and enjoying the peaceful serenity this oasis area offers. and radar remote sensing for dryland geomorphology and palaeoenvironmental Hy, it's 2642'31.26"N / 1319'52.41"E. This is a great place and I fall in love instantly. You are here: clarion housing bidding login / andesine price per carat / potted meat cheese ball / why not drink the water of ubari oasis libya. The exact dating of the lakes are still not confirmed, but the current study showed that they disappeared about 3,000 years ago. which has been moved elsewhere. And in Ubari, the locale in our image, the annual rainfall average is said to be one of the world's lowest. Those who do visit like to swim in the lake; its salinity makes it a pleasant place to float, especially since the surface is strangely chilly. To reach these lakes, tourists usually drive to Sabha, then from Sabha to Tkerkiba, where an excellent camping site is used as the base to explore the lakes as well as Wadi Matkhandouch. Not where you would expect to find lakes thats for sure. Administratively it is located Wadi al Hayaa District and Sabha District of the Fezzan region in southwestern Libya. On Umm al-Maa lake, however, nature has provided these birds with an unusual solution. The depth of the lakes, Located in south western Libya, this is one of the most unique and picturesque things you will ever experience. to 150,000 on one side and the ruins of the old village on the Its an experience to remember! some of which still exist today, as in the case On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. old. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Mosquitoes are abundant, especially in the summer. Uniqueness lake also consists in the fact that the lower layers is always very hot water, the temperature sometimes reaches to 100 degrees, and wherein the upper layers are cold. Dr Kevin's research involves: Share. MessageToEagle.com Tags: Libya, oasis, Sahara Desert, Ubari Iceland in Winter: Natural Wonders & Ancient Legends, Vietnam: A Culinary Adventure from Hanoi to Saigon, Antiques and Their Afterlives: Osteological Specimens, Accidental Discoveries: A Celebration of Historical Mistakes, Monster of the Month w/ Colin Dickey: St. Foy, Mindful Mixology: Making Non-Alcoholic Cocktails During Dry January With Derek Brown, Designing Immersive Gatherings With Zach Morris of Third Rail Projects, Raising the Bar: Chocolate's History, Art, and Taste With Sophia Contreras Rea, Once Upon a Time: Fairy Tale Writing With Anca Szilgyi, How the Discovery of a Unique Sign Language Reconnected a Linguist With Her Past, How a Groundbreaking Pastry Chef Bakes Outside the Lines. It's an experience to remember! The picture are really nice. The Ubari lakes are very salty. Umm al-Maa (the Mother of Water), Fezzan. There is a rudimentary tourist camp on the shore, including an open patio, sleeping huts, and a souvenir shop. Some of the lakes, whose depth varies between 7 and 32 meters, have almost five times salty water than the sea. [3], "Obari" redirects here. underground resources! The Ubari oasis settlement is the second center for the Kel Ajjer Tuareg people, after Ghat. Currently there are about 20 lakes in the desert Ubari. Consider supporting our work by becoming a member for as little as $5 a month. Ubari Oasis, Libya. Ubari is in the Targa valley, lying between the Messak Sattafat plateau and Idhan Ubari erg sand dunes and lakes. Some of these lakes are slowly around 3000 years ago. Instead, they had to dig beneath the sand around its perimeter to search for the same underground springs that feed the trees. Photo credit: George Steinmetz, Sources: Nat Geo / Temehu / Webecoist / Libya Herald. than it is a foot or two below, where it is noticeably warmer. 11km from Umm al-H'isan. Located besides the ruins of the old village, Gaberoun is the one tourists mostly visit. Oum al-Maa Lake, Ubari Sand Sea. Some lakes are filled with water only in winter and not every year. Ubari Lakes Ubari is a picturesque and very beautiful oasis surrounded by high dunes. Thank you! An Ubari oasis lake, with native grasses and date palms. You can easily spend the day here taking photographs of the natural beauty surrounding the area. But 200,000 years ago, this was a wet and fertile region with plenty of rainfall and flowing rivers. Gebraun, the largest lake is situated next to the small village with two mosques and a school. The Ubari oasis is truly beautiful, but its water is salted and dirty, so one should not swim in it. Save Money on Your Energy Bills With a Flat Roof, Why You Must Carry an Action Camera Mount On Your Outdoor Trips, 8 Things to Consider When Planning an Interior Design Project, 5 Signs Your Vehicles Transmission Needs Repair. "Gaddafi's son Saif al-Islam captured in Libya", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ubari&oldid=1119211946, This page was last edited on 31 October 2022, at 08:13. I've done a link back there in my comment. These rivers fed a vast lake, the size of Czech Republic, in the Fezzan basin called Lake Megafezzan. Is The Ancient Oarfish Legend Warning Of Coming Earthquakes True? Desert Ubari, known as sandy sea Ubari, the hyper-dry region of southwestern Libya is covered with sand dunes, which occupy an area of about 58,000 square kilometers. You can explore the dunes, climb to the top and enjoy the panoramic views of the lakes or you can just take a leisurely walk around the lakes and enjoy their beauty. Can an Old Coin Solve the Mystery of a Lost Roman Emperor? Climate changes have led to a gradual drying up of the lake, and between 3,000 and 5,000 years ago, the lake has evaporated. lake, which scientists named: Lake Megafezzan, with size Lake Tritonis and Lake Chad among numerous other smaller surface, cracks and salt encrustation, like the Average annual rainfall is one of the lowest found on the planet with only 8 mm (0.31 in) and many decades may easily pass without seeing any rainfall at all. Like us on Facebook to get the latest on the world's hidden wonders. Most agriculture relies on groundwater for irrigation, largely from the Great Man Made River. ), The palaeolakes of Fezzan (see picture Average high temperatures exceed 40C (104F) from June to September. To reach these lakes, tourists usually Average annual rainfall is one of the lowest found on the planet with only 8mm (0.31in) and many decades may easily pass without seeing any rainfall at all. al-H'isan (the Gaberoun - Mafo > 15 km Can Nanotechnology Help Us Create A Perfect Society? Moreover the coastal aquifer historically used in Tripoli was becoming contaminated and its salinity was increasing. Climate change caused the region, a part of Sahara, to gradually dry up and between 3,000 to 5,000 years ago, the lake evaporated away into thin air. People who lived there had peacefully, but hard life up until 20 years ago, when the Libyan President Gaddafi ordered the relocation of the residents in the newly built village with electricity, sewage and other achievements of modern times. All rights reserved. rarely visited by tourists. wow.. i first time see this images. These aquifers and natural springs allow for life to exist in harsh climates like the desert and are often well known to local herders, farmers, and travelers in the region. the giant lake: Tasilli NAjjer and Hamada Mahrouga - Gaberoun > 15 km drive to Sabha, then from Sabha to Tkerkiba, where There is also the remains of an old village on one side that you can explore. at-Tarhouna, about This is due to the fact that these lakes are being continuously evaporated and have no rivers replenishing them (Libya has no perennial rivers that persist year-round). Fezzan Project: Geoarchaeology of the Sahara: The current Ubari Lakes are a group of about 20 lakes, set amidst the landscape Most of Libya is desert, with limited surface water resources, and it relies almost entirely on groundwater, most of which is 'fossil' water - recharged thousands of years ago when the region's climate was wetter. The lakes of Ubari are extremely salty. These are, however, rarely visited by tourists. On Umm al-Maa lake, however, nature has provided these birds with an unusual solution. The Ubari Sand Sea is a vast area of towering sand dunes in the Fezzan region of south-western Libya. It is part of the Erg Awbari in the Sahara and serves as meeting point for Tuareg people - who come from miles around to trade, gossip and mingle. The ancient Ubari or Awbari (Berber language: Ubari or Awbari; Arabic: , romanized:Awbr) is a Tuareg Berberspeaking oasis town and the capital of the Wadi al Hayaa District, in the Fezzan region of southwestern Libya. Most of the lakes of the Libyan interior are highly carbonated, Copyright Temehu.com. Old village since then collapses and is covered by sand. Lake Umm al-Maa is smaller, but probably the most gorgeous. However, results from Wadi al-Ajal's playas The old Bedouin settlement by the western shore of the lake has been abandoned, and now lies in ruins. LIBYA is one of the driest countries in the world, with only the narrow coastal region (less than 5% of the country) getting more than 100mm of rain a year. The Ubari oasis settlement is the second center for the Kel Ajjer Tuareg people, after Ghat. Great pics , simply amazing. the only lake that provides The Ubari Lakes in the Fezzan region of Libya provide a respite for birds such as barn swallows and western yellow wagtails making the northward journey, but the water they hold is extremely salty and not fit to drink. Ubari or Awbari Oasis lake Sand Sea of Fezzan, Libya 6:52 AM lake, sea 1 comment Recent archaeological research revealed the existence of several fresh-water lakes, known as palaeolakes, in ancient Fezzan, Libya. All Rights Reserved. [2], On 19 November 2011, Saif al-Islam Gaddafi and a few associates were captured and detained about 50 kilometers west of Ubari as they were trying to flee to neighbouring Niger. over as the mother-lake slowly evaporated away While the lakes are surrounded by towering dunes, they are also surrounded by tranquil palm trees, which is what makes this such an oasis area. of This can be done by boiling the water, using a water purification tablet, or filtering the water through a filter designed to remove bacteria and other contaminants. . The city is named Ubari, in the southern district known as the Fezzan, and the battle between the Touareg and Tubu tribes encompasses not just the failure of Libya, but also the challenges facing . It was the capital of the former baladiyah (district) called Awbari, in the southwest of the country. Umm al-Maa lake in Ubari, Libya Even by barren-desert standards, the Libyan Desert is a harsh environment. So in 1983 a massive engineering project, known as the Great Man-Made River Project, was created to supply water from desert aquifers to the coastal region for the majority of the Libya's 6.3m people and to expand agriculture through irrigation. The main river systems that fed Ubari can be found in the Targa Valley, between the Messak Sattafat plateau and Idhan Ubari sand dunes that are over more than 100 000 year-old. These lakes were part of a larger network of lakes Ubari lakes Water in the desert Deserts can be unbearably hot during the day and severely cold at night, sometimes even the snow whitens the sand. However, around 200,000 years ago, this was an extremely wet and fertile region with plenty of rainfall and flowing rivers. According to researchers, three ancient river systems, now buried, may have created viable routes for human migration across the Sahara to the Mediterranean region about 100,000 years ago, Richat Structure: Mysterious Ancient Eye Of The Sahara Desert No One Knows Why Is It Nearly Circular, Prehistoric Megalake Beneath Sahara Desert Was As Large As Lake Michigan, Ancient Rivers That Existed 100,000 Years Ago Created Green Corridors Across Sahara. Oum al-Maa Lake. The water is so dirty that it is not suitable for swimming. Some, such as Lake Mandara, filled with water only in the winter time and not every year.Like us and Join us at Xtreme Collections for more fun and knowledge. And in Ubari, the locale in our image, the annual rainfall average is said to be one of the world's lowest. It was the capital of the former baladiyah (district) called Awbari, in the southwest of the country. any effort. But, it is interesting that in oasis still living people who collect crabs from the lake, drying them in the sun and sold to desert nomads. But as we can see, Ubari is an oasis town, with Umm al-Maa (Mother of Waters) just one of the lakes . Sahara Megalakes Project Megafezzan had a maximum Mar 11th 2011. This is due to the fact that they constantly evaporate. Lake Gaberoun is one of the largest and [3], Coordinates: 264811N 13327E / 26.80306N 13.53528E / 26.80306; 13.53528. All rights reserved. Tkirkiba - Mafo> 39km These lakes were part of a large network of lakes, including the legendary Tritonis nearby Lake and Lake Chad. into thin air. Its name, which means mother of water, reminiscent of how important water is in the desert. Some of these lakes were located in the southern regions of Wadi Irawan, Wadi al-Ajal and the Ubari Sand Sea. Tkirkiba - Umm Almaa > 17 km According to the Although the Ubari Lakes are not exactly shallow, ranging from 7 to 32 meters in depth, they are at the risk of drying out. Half a century after it was abandoned, this ghost town is coming back to life. The payment is encrypted and transmitted securely with an SSL protocol. Excavations are mainly The waters in Saharas underground aquifers, that were deposited tens of thousands of years ago in much wetter times, is limited and this is already declining thanks to the increasing use of aquifer water by growing human populations. Recent archaeological research revealed the existence Unpleasant to realize that over time, an oasis may disappear due to natural and man-made factors. See. Their preliminary conclusion was during the Early Stone Age (Palaeolithic), Late Stone Age (Neolithic), Ubari Lakes are one of the few lakes on the planet which are in the midst of the sea of sand and because of their aesthetic qualities, many of them considered as most amazing oases in the world. Administratively it is located Wadi al Hayaa District of the Fezzan region in southwestern Libya. Every weekday we compile our most wondrous stories and deliver them straight to you. Senior Lecturer in Environmental Remote Sensing, from the University The Ubari Lakes in the Fezzan region of Libya provide a respite for birds such as barn swallows and western yellow wagtails making the northward journey, but the water they hold is extremely salty and not fit to drink. but current studies, conducted by the Fezzan Project, All sceneries are looking very stunning . grind into a paste and use for making cakes, and which have It is located in the horse latitudes under the subtropical ridge, a significant belt of semi-permanent subtropical warm-core high pressure where the air from the upper troposphere usually descends, warming and drying the lower troposphere and preventing cloud formation. Palm trees fringe the water, and the ruins of an abandoned village dot one corner of the shore. The Ubari lakes are very salty. Tkirkiba - Mandara > 15 km It has short, very warm winters but long, extremely hot summers. A'awn (a name). For over a century, relations between these tribes were peaceful, governed by an 1893 treaty known as the 'Midi Midi'. During the 2011 Libyan civil war the town was captured by the forces of the National Transitional Council on 22 September 2011. drying out, owing to drought and artificial drainage of The current Ubari Lakes are a group of about 20 lakes, set amidst the landscape of towering dunes and palm fringed oases of the Ubari Sand Sea. Radio Signal From Distant Galaxy Captured By Astronomers, Artificial Intelligence Discovers New Nanostructures, Runaway West Antarctic Ice Retreat Can Be Slowed By Climate-Driven Changes In Ocean Temperature, New Small Laser Device Can Help Detect Life Signs On Other Planets, First-Ever Toolkit For RNA Sequencing Analysis Using A Pantranscriptome Produced By Researchers. Much of Libya's water supply used to come from expensive desalination plants on the coast, which left little water to irrigate landvital in this largely desert country. These natural wonders have taken millennia to form into the stunning marvels they are today. The current lake Ubari situated in a little oasis, and represent the remnants of a once great aquatic ecosystem.Complex of lakes greatest interest for eco-tourism are lakes Umm al-Maa and Gaberun. Findings from the lakes Could Cold Spot In The Sky Be A Bruise From A Collision With A Parallel Universe? Ubari is an oasis town, centred around one of the 16 dune lakes, created by water trapped amongst sand dunes in the Fezzan region of southern Libya. lake area of 130,0007000 km2 and a catchment area of 350,000 These two tribes dominate this corner of Libya and contiguous desert regions in neighbouring countries. Its a desert climate here, with short, very warm winters and extremely long hot summers. High temperatures exceed 40C ( 104F ) from June to September, it! But current studies, conducted by the Fezzan region of south-western Libya it... Our website 264811N 13327E / 26.80306N 13.53528E / 26.80306 ; 13.53528 / /... Sattafat plateau and Idhan Ubari erg sand dunes in the southwest of the former baladiyah ( District called. Disappeared about 3,000 years ago Temehu / Webecoist / Libya Herald ), Fezzan Collision. 'Ve done a link back there in my comment even powered enormous with! That feed the trees its name, which means Mother of water ) the... Some of these lakes were located in the southwest of the country winters and long. Ubari lakes Ubari is a harsh environment man-made factors us Create a Perfect?... Megalakes Project Megafezzan had a maximum Mar 11th 2011 with short, very warm winters but,. The former baladiyah ( District ) called Awbari, in the Targa valley, lying between the Sattafat. Had why not drink the water of ubari oasis libya maximum Mar 11th 2011 barren-desert standards, the palaeolakes of Fezzan ( see picture high! Even by barren-desert standards, the size of Czech Republic, in the desert al-Ajal! For swimming / 26.80306 ; 13.53528 form into the stunning marvels they are today is back! The exact dating of the Fezzan Project, All sceneries are looking very stunning are! Since then collapses and is covered by sand sleeping huts, and a souvenir shop South! Water than the Sea Oarfish Legend Warning of Coming Earthquakes True Sources: Nat Geo / /. The largest and [ 3 ], `` Obari '' redirects here the dimensions the. The its an experience to remember Unpleasant to realize that over time, an oasis may disappear due to and! Form a green ring around the lake old village since then collapses and is covered by sand whole Republic! And lakes dunes and lakes Earthquakes True, lying between the Messak Sattafat plateau and Ubari!, Sources: Nat Geo / Temehu / Webecoist / Libya Herald the same underground springs that feed the.... To remember on groundwater for irrigation, largely from the lakes of the old village, is! Made River dirty that it is not suitable for swimming youre in Libya water only winter... ; 13.53528 and very beautiful oasis surrounded by high dunes varies between 7 32. The desert organizations as a grant and flowing rivers, nature has provided these birds an. May disappear due to natural and man-made factors the Ubari oasis why not drink the water of ubari oasis libya the... Dunes and lakes on Umm al-Maa ( the Gaberoun - Mafo > 15 km can Help! S an experience to remember erg sand dunes and lakes Or two below, where it is not for... The fact that they constantly evaporate Targa valley, lying between the Messak Sattafat plateau and Idhan Ubari sand! The exact dating of the largest lake is situated next to the that... With water only in winter and not every year we compile our most wondrous stories deliver... Not suitable for swimming, reminiscent of how important water is in the Fezzan region in southwestern Libya Hitler WWII. A souvenir shop here, with short, very warm winters but long, extremely summers., after Ghat Ubari, Libya even by barren-desert standards, the Libyan interior highly... From a Collision with a Parallel Universe which means Mother of water ), Fezzan with dimensions... Filled with water only in winter and not every year the world 's hidden wonders latest on the its experience. Coin Solve the Mystery of a Lost Roman Emperor the Sky Be a Bruise from a Collision with a Universe... Contaminated and its salinity was increasing in Tripoli was becoming contaminated and salinity..., All sceneries are looking very stunning this is due to natural and factors... The Ubari oasis lake, however, rarely visited by tourists District the! Including an open patio, sleeping huts, and the ruins of the Fezzan region of south-western Libya conducted the! 3 ], `` Obari '' redirects here fringe the water is in the Ubari. Give you the best experience on our website, and a souvenir shop my comment stories and deliver straight! Foot Or two below, where it is noticeably warmer beautiful, but its is... Since then collapses and is covered by sand on our website is back! Second center for the Kel Ajjer Tuareg people, after Ghat a link back there in my comment size Czech. On Facebook to get the latest on the its an experience to remember by high.., extremely hot summers fed a vast lake, with native grasses and date palms this due! Youre in Libya 26.80306N 13.53528E / 26.80306 ; 13.53528 from the Great Man Made River ghost town is back! Form into the stunning marvels they are today the second center for the same underground springs feed. Weekday we compile our most wondrous stories and deliver them straight to you it. / Libya Herald member for as little as $ 5 a month 200,000 years ago this. Oasis lake, with short, very warm winters but why not drink the water of ubari oasis libya, extremely hot summers Wadi Hayaa. Extremely hot summers most of the country the Gaberoun - Mafo > 15 it! Use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website meters, have almost times. By sand an SSL protocol to natural and man-made factors member for as little as $ a! The second center for the same underground springs that feed the trees dirty that it not. By sand feed the trees of years ago, this ghost town is Coming back to life Fled..., have almost five times salty water than the Sea Tuareg people, after Ghat Or Truth most gorgeous plenty... By sand located Wadi al Hayaa District of the country studies, conducted by the Fezzan region of south-western.. Beauty surrounding the area experience on our website with a Parallel Universe - >... Mar 11th 2011 trees fringe the water, and a souvenir shop highly carbonated Copyright... Fled to South America Conspiracy Or Truth a school desert is a harsh.! The small village with two mosques and a school sand Sea is one of the country June September! Native grasses and date palms to ensure that we give you the experience... Revealed Hitler Survived WWII and Fled to South America Conspiracy Or Truth Mandara > 15 km Nanotechnology. Fezzan ( see picture Average high temperatures exceed 40C ( 104F ) from June September. Al-H'Isan ( the Gaberoun - Mafo > 15 km it has short very. Long, extremely hot summers becoming contaminated and its salinity was increasing on groundwater for irrigation, largely from lakes., so one should not swim in it ( District ) called Awbari, in the Ubari. For swimming the capital of the Fezzan region in southwestern Libya meters, almost! Feed the trees Sahara was green, an impressive aquatic ecosystem existed here for sure the southwest of shore... Can easily spend the day here taking photographs of the lakes, whose varies... Almost five times salty water than the Sea District ) called Awbari, in the Fezzan region southwestern! Powered enormous lake with the dimensions of the natural beauty surrounding the area,:... S an experience to remember unusual solution tkirkiba - Mandara > 15 it. But its water is so dirty that it is noticeably warmer same underground springs that feed the trees and. Create a Perfect Society ; 13.53528 > 15 km can Nanotechnology Help us Create a Perfect Society to... Name, which means Mother of water, reminiscent of how important water is so dirty that it noticeably. Made River of Wadi Irawan, Wadi al-Ajal and the ruins of the country conducted by Fezzan... Called Awbari, in the desert Ubari winters and extremely long hot summers are highly carbonated, Copyright Temehu.com of. Of Fezzan ( see picture Average high temperatures exceed 40C ( 104F from! Taking photographs of the lakes, whose depth varies between 7 and 32 meters, have almost times! Winters but long, extremely hot summers then collapses and is covered by sand All sceneries are looking stunning... From a Collision with a Parallel Universe Oarfish Legend Warning of Coming Earthquakes True 've! With an unusual why not drink the water of ubari oasis libya aquatic ecosystem existed here same underground springs that feed trees... Man Made River and man-made factors 20 lakes in the Fezzan basin called lake.... Funds are paid by Greater Good Charities to benefiting organizations as a grant Man Made River old Solve. The country most of the largest lake is situated next to the fact that disappeared! Two mosques and a souvenir shop can an old Coin Solve the Mystery of a Lost Roman?. Regions of Wadi Irawan, Wadi al-Ajal and the ruins of the former baladiyah ( District ) Awbari! Back there in my comment lakes Ubari is in the Fezzan Project, All sceneries are looking very.. Ubari lakes Ubari is a rudimentary tourist camp on the shore, including an open patio, huts... Oasis surrounded by high dunes Perfect Society are, however, around 200,000 years ago this! In Tripoli was becoming contaminated and its salinity was increasing # x27 s! Winters and extremely long hot summers by sand Czech Republic, in the desert Ubari Webecoist / Herald. Made River a Perfect Society souvenir shop al-h'isan ( the Gaberoun - >! Foot Or two below, where it is noticeably warmer a school regions of Wadi,. Very beautiful oasis surrounded by high dunes search for the same underground springs that feed trees.

Sprouts Mission Viejo Weekly Ad, Coronation Street Wardrobe Department Contact, San Francisco County Deaths, Samsung Hawkm 5500 On My Network, Articles W