Wed like to set additional cookies to understand how you use GOV.UK, remember your settings and improve government services. Police officers have the power to stop and search individuals under different pieces of legislation. In 2020, the proportion remanded in custody was higher for Chinese or Other (51%), Black (49%) and Mixed (47%) defendants compared to Asian (41%) and White (40%) defendants. Higher proportions of staff and practitioners in more senior roles were White for all organisations, when compared to the ethnic breakdowns of less senior staff[footnote 100]. Ethnicity refers to an identity based on belonging to a group defined by common cultural or national traditions. Our Business & Enterprise Products. , Detailed results of the survey can be found in table 6.06 in the tables document published alongside this report. In Britain official statistics on crime are produced annually. Check benefits and financial support you can get, Find out about the Energy Bills Support Scheme, Ethnicity and the criminal justice system statistics 2020, nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3, Police powers and procedures: Stop and search and arrests, England and Wales, year ending 31 March 2021, Criminal Justice Statistics quarterly: December 2020 publication, Offender Management statistics quarterly publication, Research report on population estimates by ethnic group and religion, https://www.statisticsauthority.gov.uk/code-of-practice/, Crime in England and Wales: year ending March 2020, Homicide in England and Wales - Office for National Statistics (ons.gov.uk), Criminal justice system statistics quarterly: December 2020 - GOV.UK (www.gov.uk), Source: GCSE and equivalent results in England 2014/15 (Revised). Due to the small population of children sentenced to immediate custody from Asian, Mixed and Chinese or Other ethnic groups trends should be viewed with caution. 1 Because of rounding, the percentages may not add to 100.0.; 2 The ethnicity totals are representative of those agencies that provided ethnicity breakdowns. there were 697,405 stop and searches in England and Wales between April 2020 and March 2021, a rate of 12.4 per 1,000 people. This trend varied by ethnic group and reduction in the number of arrests was more pronounced for White (-35%) and Black (-33%) children. In the 2020/21 HM Inspectorate of Prisons survey, prisoners from ethnic minority groups reported more negative results across the survey. It is not possible to make any causal links between ethnicity and CJS outcomes. Every effort is made to ensure that the figures presented are accurate and complete. In 2020/21, 19% of arrests of Black suspects were for drug offences. The location in which a homicide was committed showed marked differences between ethnic groups. Drug offences vary both in nature and severity. The latest police recorded crime figures show that there were 47,119 offences involving a knife or sharp instrument recorded by the police in the year ending September 2020. Overall, 79% of offenders who were remanded in custody at Crown Court received an immediate custodial sentence; this has increased by 13 percentage points (pp) since 2016. Where ethnicity is known[footnote 23], the total number of stop and searches increased between 2017/18 (266,000) and 2020/21 (557,000). In 2020/21, 43% of all stop and searches (where ethnicity is known) were conducted in London, involving a higher proportion of persons from minority ethnic groups when compared to the rest of England and Wales. in all age groups, Asian people were more likely to fear crime than White people. Principal suspects in homicides with White victims were most likely to be a friend/acquaintance (29%). Figure 8.02: Comparison of custody rates before and after controlling for offence mix, all indictable offences, 2020, England and Wales. 178 300 sexual violence crimes in the EU in 2020, a stop in a growing trend. The average number of days spent at court (from first listing in magistrates courts to completion in Crown Court) for defendants dealt with in Crown Court cases varies across ethnicities. It is considered a more useful concept than race. Figure 7.01: Proportion of prosecutions for Indictable offences by sex and ethnicity, England and Wales, 2020. Figure 7.04: Average custodial sentence length (ACSL) for indictable offences, by age and ethnicity, England and Wales, 2016/20. The ethnic group question from the 2001 Census. Much of this information has previously been published in the Offender Management statistics quarterly publication, where statistics on adjudications, Home Detention Curfew, Release on Temporary Licence and Licence Recalls can also be found. These decreases are mainly due to court restrictions as a result of COVID-19^59]. Convictions by offence group may be influenced by factors other than ethnicity. The level of crime in Scotland has fallen in recent years with 246,516 crimes recorded by the police in 2019/20. Similar proportions were seen across ethnic groups, ranging from 72% for Black defendants to 78% for White defendants. there were 7.5 stop and searches for every 1,000 white people, compared with 52.6 for every 1,000 black people. In this section, where there are statistically significant differences between groups to the 95% level, this will be stated. Criminal legal aid consists of legal advice and representation provided to people being investigated or charged with a criminal offence. In 2020, the custody rate for possession of weapons offences was highest for Black and Mixed offenders at 38%, the custody rate for White offenders was 36%, and 29% for both Asian and Chinese or Other offenders. This chapter reports on the trends in the composition of staff and practitioners throughout the CJS by ethnicity [footnote 90]. Of children, 4 to 6% were reported as being victims in Black, Mixed and Chinese or Other ethnic groups. The ACSL was longest for Chinese or Other offenders at 14.7 months, followed by Black at 13.7 months, Mixed 13.2 months, Asian 12.1 months and White 10.6 months. Educational attainment of those sentenced to custody was lower than the attainment of all young offenders. These data are based on the ONS headcount specification and may differ from other published figures due to differing specifications. The proportion of staff from White backgrounds has decreased between 1 and 2.4 percentage points across all CJS organisations over the last 5 years, largely driven by increases in the proportion of staff from Asian and Mixed ethnic backgrounds. Between 2019 and 2020, the number of prosecutions for possession of weapons offences fell by 17%. , A SEN statement is a document which sets out a childs SEN and any additional help that the child should receive. In this section, all analysis looks at those in the matched offender cohort who were eligible for Free School Meals (FSM) and/or had Special Education Needs (SEN), at any point during KS4. The crime rate in the UK has dropped to its lowest level since the early 1990s, according to estimates. , Ethnicity was recorded for 96.5% of offenders supervised on post-release licence in 2020. Together, these five offence groups equate to 97% of all prosecutions and convictions for indictable drug offences where ethnicity is known. Guilty plea rate (GPR) has increased across all ethnic groups across the past 5 years, showing a sharp rise since 2018. Individuals from the Black ethnic group also had the lowest proportion of suspended sentences, at 14% in 2020. Limitations of Current Statistical Information The police in all States and Terri-tories are a major source of crime statistics, but these statistics refer only to crimes reported to and/or detected by police. Postal Point 10.31, Floor 10. In the last 5 years, the numbers of children prosecuted for indictable offences has fallen for all ethnic groups, however, the proportion of children from Black, Mixed and Chinese or Other ethnic groups has increased collectively from 33% in 2016 to 39% in 2020. Guilty plea for all other ethnic groups ranged between 89% and 92% in 2020. Therefore, trends within these broad ethnic groups will be less comparable over a 5-year time series. Stop and search is an important detection tool for the police it allows officers to search individuals without an arrest taking place[footnote 27]. Of defendants prosecuted for sexual offences at Crown Court, Black defendants were more likely to be remanded in custody. Ministry of Justice, 3rd Floor, 10 South Colonnade, London, E14 4PU, General enquiries about the statistical work of the Ministry of Justice can be e-mailed to: ESD@justice.gov.uk, The structure and content of this report is continually being reviewed to reflect user requirements. In 2020, White male and female offenders had the shortest ACSL, 20.2 months and 12.6 months respectively, while Asian male and female offenders had the longest ACSL, 28.9 months and 22.3, respectively. 3 The rape figures in this table are aggregate totals of the data submitted based on both the legacy and revised Uniform Crime Reporting . A technical document titled A Guide to Statistics on Ethnicity and the Criminal Justice System is available alongside this report, which provides users with information on the concepts and terminology used within the report, as well as information about data sources, data quality and references. Educational attainment of all young offenders was lowest for the White ethnic group and highest for the Other ethnic group. Proportion of sentence served is affected by factors such as offence mix and behaviour in prison. This chapter explores police activity by ethnicity of persons stopped and searched and/or arrested. When ethnicity is self-reported, it is based on five broad categories: White, Black, Asian, Mixed and Chinese or Other. In 2020, 70% of the legally aided prison law workload related to White defendants, 11% to Black, 8% to Other, 6% to Mixed and 5% to Asian. Data sources to which this applies include Crime Survey for England and Wales. In 2020, where ethnicity was known, the number of requirements started under community orders fell to 72,400[footnote 58]; a decrease of 33% since 2018. In 2020, Asian offenders had the longest ACSL for drug offences, at 46.2 months. The trend is the reverse for pre-charge advice at police stations, where 82% of Asian defendants received pre-charge advice compared to 74% of White defendants. The 2001 Census ethnicity question included Mixed ethnicity; this made the question more acceptable and relevant, though one downside was that it made it hard to compare with 1991 Census results, for some groups. statistics. Black suspects had the highest proportion of stop and searches for offensive weapons (including firearms) at 19%, compared to 10 to 15% for all other ethnic groups[footnote 26]. Figure 4.01: Numbers of stop and searches by ethnicity, England and Wales, 2016/17 to 2020/21, Comparisons between London and the rest of England and Wales. Office for National Statistics (UK), Number of homicides in England and Wales from 2009/10 to 2020/21 ethnic appearance of victim . In contrast, fewer Black (15%), Mixed (18%) and Asian (20%) prisoners reported bullying/victimisation from other prisoners, compared to prisoners from White (23%) and Other ethnic groups (24%). Include crime survey for England and Wales from 2009/10 to 2020/21 ethnic appearance of victim and or! Differing specifications proportion of prosecutions for possession of weapons offences fell by 17 % offences Crown! Gpr ) has increased across all ethnic groups ranged between 89 % and 92 % in 2020, stop. Persons stopped and searched and/or arrested differ from other published figures due to court as! In Black, Asian, Mixed and Chinese or other ethnic group and highest for the other ethnic groups Asian! On the ONS headcount specification and may differ from other published figures due court. 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